3D printing technology for photocatalysis: review and prospect

Haoyuan Yin, Biyang Zhang, Xiaomei Dai, Jinman Yang, Jizhou Jiang, Hui Xu

Composite Functional Materials ›› 2025, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2) : 20250205.

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Composite Functional Materials ›› 2025, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2) : 20250205. DOI: 10.63823/20250205
Review article

3D printing technology for photocatalysis: review and prospect

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Abstract

Environmental pollution and energy shortage pose major challenges to sustainable development. Photocatalytic technology using solar energy for pollutant degradation and resource conversion is a promising solution. However, conventional photocatalysts and reactors have limitations such as narrow light absorption, fast charge recombination, difficulty in recovery and continuous operation. The characteristics of surface reactions in photocatalytic technology also put forward higher requirements for light field design. 3D printing (Additive manufacturing) provides an innovative strategy to solve these problems. It enables the controllable design of photocatalyst microstructures in terms of pore size, morphology and surface characteristics through high-precision and customizable manufacturing methods, thus significantly improving the specific surface area, enhancing the light capture ability and carrier separation efficiency. At the same time, 3D printing technology can also manufacture photocatalytic reactors with complex flow channel structures, multi-scale mass transfer interfaces and integrated functional units, which can effectively optimize the distribution and transmission of reactants and light, realize the collaborative enhancement of reaction-mass transfer-illumination, and support the system integration of multifunctional modules. This review systematically summarizes the technical progress, core challenges and application potential of this cross-field, and provides reference for the subsequent research on 3D printing innovation of photocatalytic materials and devices.

Key words

Additive Manufacturing / 3D printing / Photocatalysis / Photocatalyst / Reactor

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Haoyuan Yin , Biyang Zhang , Xiaomei Dai , et al . 3D printing technology for photocatalysis: review and prospect[J]. Composite Functional Materials. 2025, 1(2): 20250205 https://doi.org/10.63823/20250205

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22378174, 22308128, 22178152, 62004143), the Key Project of Scientific Research Plan of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (No. D20241501), the Drug Efficacy and Health Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Zhenjiang (SS2024006), and the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (202510299025).

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